Copyright 2016 New Home Buyers Brokers / Realty Pros
What Is Radon?
Radon gas is colorless, odorless and tasteless radioactive gas. It is formed by the breakdown of uranium, a natural radioactive material found in soil, rock and groundwater.
What Is The Threat of Radon?
Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. In the United States, the EPA estimates that about 21,000 lung cancer deaths each year are radon related and in Canada that number stands at approximately 3000.
How Does Radon Get Into The Home?
When radon is released from the ground into the outdoor air, it gets diluted to low concentrations and is not a concern. Within homes, it typically moves up through the flooring system and other openings between the ground and living spaces. Your home traps radon inside, where it can build up. Any home may have a radon problem – this means new and old homes, well-sealed and drafty homes, and homes with or without basements. Even if you live in an area with fairly low environmental radon, you could still have significant levels in your home.
What Are The Radon Threshold Limits?
Organization
Becquerel per cubic meter
Picocuries per litre
World Health Organization
100 Bq/m³
2.7 pCi/L
Environmental Protection Agency (USA)
150 Bq/m³
4.0 pCi/L – The USA standard is 4.0 Pico Curie Liters or less-
Health Canada
200 Bq/m³
5.4 pCi/L
Why
Should I Test for Radon?
Radon testing is the only way to know if you and your family are at risk from radon. Radon is a radioactive gas that has been found in homes all over the United States and Canada. Any home can have a radon problem. This means new and old homes, well-sealed and drafty homes, and homes with or without basements. In fact, you and your family are most likely to get your greatest radiation exposure at home because that is where you spend most of your time.
Nearly 1 out of every 15 homes in the United States and Canada is estimated to have an elevated radon level. This may be higher in your local area, contact your Realtor for a recommendation for a licensed radon Inspector or your local health department for localized information.
How do Licensed Radon Home Inspectors Test for Radon?
In a real estate transaction, the Home Inspector conducts a short term test using a continuous monitor to provide a snapshot of the home to see if it has elevated levels of Radon. Testing takes approximately 2-3 days and results are provided, interpreted and the report is sent directly to the client.
If you’re buying a home, both the EPA and Health Canada recommend you have a radon inspection along with your home inspection. Homeowners who are planning on selling their home can also show potential buyers proof of a radon inspection, which is a good idea as radon gains more awareness.
Reason for Using Continuous Monitors Versus Charcoal Canisters in Testing Radon
- Employs internal sensors to detect and report movement during test.
- Interval information logged to determine environment around the monitor was not altered.
- Records evidence of tampering such as movement and sudden change in environment.
- Report is available immediately with no need for shipment or reading of anything by a lab.
- Faster for use in real estate transactions with a short transaction period.
Radon Questions and Answers
My home was built on a slab. Could I still have radon?
Yes, homes built on a slab can still have radon. Whether the home is old, new, insulated or not and regardless of construction materials it can have radon. All homes regardless of type of construction should be tested for radon once per year per the EPA and Health Canada.
We are moving to a new area soon and are buying a home. We recently looked at a Radon Map with zones on it and see that some areas are not in a high risk zones. Should we still test our home for radon if not in a high risk area?
Since radon levels can change from town to town and even from home to home, radon maps should not be considered the definitive source for radon level information. The EPA and Health Canada suggest all homeowners test their home for radon even if they are not in the high risk zone and that the map should not be used in lieu when there is a real estate transaction. In fact, a home can test high for radon even if the house right next door tested low. Radon is more prevalent in some areas more than others- in mountainous or outlying areas, and more in basement than non-basement excavations. Sometimes Radon could test high when dirt has been recently disturbed (such as when building a new home, for example), and it can dissipate over time- or increase.
We recently had our home tested for radon and it came back high when tested in the basement. As long as we spend little to no time in the basement, is the radon really dangerous to us?
Yes, having a high radon level in the basement can affect you in other areas of the home by the gas moving through the home via air ducts for air conditioning and the furnace, as well as natural convection.
Which homes are more likely to have higher radon levels, new homes or old homes?
All homes regardless of new or old, single or multi story, slab or with basement can have radon.
The home we bought has a radon mitigation system in it. Do I need to still test my home for radon levels?
Yes, even if a home has a radon mitigation system in it, you need to test your home for radon as the EPA and Health Canada suggests. Regular testing will ensure that the radon mitigation system is working effectively.
We have granite countertops in our kitchen and our bathrooms in our home. Will this increase the amount of radon in our home to an unsafe amount?
While the EPA and Health Canada suggest all homes should be tested for radon it also believes that currently they have insufficient data to conclude that the types of granite commonly used in countertops will significantly increase the indoor radon levels. Both EPA and Health Canada believe that the radon from granite will be insignificant.
Does it matter what time of year I test my home for radon?
No, testing can be done at any time of the year. Testing does require the home to have all of its windows and doors kept closed during the test, but central heating and air conditioning can operate. If the windows and doors cannot be kept closed during the test, it would be best to wait until the conditions allow for it.
I’ve heard radon testing is expensive. Are the risks significant enough to justify the test?
Radon testing is done by a professional and at a relatively minor cost. Tests cost less than a few hundred dollars, and knowing the results should bring you significant peace of mind.
Our radon level came in very close to 4.0 pCi/L (the US standard) or 200 bequerels (Canadian standard) and we see that’s well above the World Health Organization standard of 2.7 pCi/L (100 bequerels). Should we take steps to lower the level even though it’s below 4.0 pCi/L?
Less radon in your home is always better. Both the EPA and Health Canada recommend taking action above those levels, but for your own peace of mind, you should consider mitigation systems at any significant level of radon. Consult with your radon professional for more advice.
My home is built over a crawl space. Do I need to have it tested for radon?
Yes, all homes need to be tested for radon. Radon can still enter the home through floor penetrations and the HVAC system and accumulate to elevated levels in the home.
How can radon affect my health?
The only known health risk associated with exposure to high levels of radon in indoor air is an increased lifetime risk of developing lung cancer. The risk from radon exposure is long term and depends on the level of radon, how long a person is exposed and their smoking habits. If you are a smoker and are exposed to elevated levels of radon your risk of developing lung cancer increases significantly.
How much will it cost to mitigate my house?
The cost of reducing radon in your house depends on how your home was built and the extent of the radon problem. The average radon remediation process, typically done using a contractor, will cost between $1500 – $3000. The cost is much less if a passive system was installed during construction. There are also less expensive radon mitigation systems available through most big box hardware stores (such as Home Depot and Lowes), though most Realtors recommend a professionally installed system so you will have the peace of mind that the system is working at top efficiency.
I am a smoker. Does radon affect me more than a non-smoker?
Yes. The risk from radon exposure for a smoker (including those exposed to second hand smoke) is much greater than for a non-smoker. For example, if you are a lifelong smoker but are not exposed to radon, your risk of getting lung cancer is one in ten. If you add exposure to a high level of radon, your risk becomes one in three. On the other hand, if you are a non-smoker, your lifetime lung cancer risk at the same high radon level is only one in twenty.
Are children more at risk from radon than adults?
Children have been reported to be at greater risk than adults for certain types of radiation exposure, but there is currently no conclusive data on whether children are at greater risk than adults from radon.
What about drinking water that contains radon?
Research has shown that drinking water that contains radon is far less harmful than breathing radon. When the ground produces radon, it can dissolve and accumulate in water from underground sources, such as wells. When water that contains radon is agitated when used for daily household requirements radon gas escapes from the water and goes into the air. The health risk is not from ingestion but from radon inhalation.
If you would like more information on Radon visit:
USA: www.epa.gov/radon
Kristen Haynes, Realtor / Broker NC / SC, BIC, GC, CMRS
Direct: 704-905-4062
Toll-Free: 1-877-372-2252
Email: khaynes@newhomesnc-sc.com